picking him up
英 /ˈpɪkɪŋ hɪm ˈʌp/美 /ˈpɪkɪŋ hɪm ˈʌp/
动词短语(动名词形式)
接他;捡起他;扶起他;学会;逮捕他
核心含义
这个短语由 pick up 和 him 组成。其本义是“捡起他”,指从地面或较低位置拿起某人或某物,例如“picking him up from the floor”(把他从地上扶起来)。由此引申出“接人”的含义,即用交通工具去接某人,如“picking him up at the airport”(去机场接他)。另一个常见引申义是“学会、获得”,指不经意间学到知识或技能,例如“picking him up on some slang”(从他那里学到一些俚语)。此外,在口语中还有“逮捕”的意思,如“the police were picking him up for questioning”(警察逮捕他进行审问)。这些义项都围绕“从某处获取”的核心意象展开。
构词与来源
pick 源自古英语 pician,意为“刺、戳”,后引申为“采摘、挑选”。up 表示“向上”或“完成”。pick up 作为短语动词,字面意思是“向上捡起”,引申为“接载、获得、学会”等。him 是第三人称男性宾格代词。记忆时可将 pick up 视为一个整体,理解其“拿起”的本义,再联想到“接人”和“学习”等引申义。
适用语境
这个短语广泛用于日常口语,表示“接人”或“捡起”,语气随意自然。在商务邮件中,可能用于安排接送,如“I will be picking him up from the station”(我会去车站接他)。新闻报道中,可能用于描述警方行动,如“Police were picking him up on charges of theft”(警方因盗窃罪逮捕他)。在文学作品里,可能用于描述动作或情感,如“picking him up from despair”(使他从绝望中振作)。不同场景下,语气从轻松到正式,含义略有差异,但核心都是“获取或使某人/物处于某状态”。
用法要点
pick up 是及物动词短语,宾语可放在 up 之后或之间。当宾语是代词时,必须放在中间,如“picking him up”,不能说“picking up him”。常见句型包括:pick up + 名词/代词,如“pick up the book”;pick him up + 地点,如“pick him up at 5”。易错点在于代词位置,以及区分“pick up”和“pick up on”(后者意为“注意到”)。另外,此短语用于被动语态时,如“he was picked up by the police”,表示“他被警察逮捕”。
同义词区别
与“pick up”相近的词有“collect”、“fetch”和“get”。“collect”更正式,常用于安排好的情况,如“collect him from school”;“fetch”在英国英语中更常见,指去取回,如“fetch him from the airport”;“get”则更口语化,如“get him from the station”。在“学会”义项上,与“learn”相比,“pick up”强调不经意或非正式的学习,如“pick up a language”比“learn a language”更随意。在“逮捕”义项上,“arrest”更正式,而“pick up”是口语化表达。
使用注意
该短语属于中性偏口语的语域,在正式书面语中较少使用。在“接人”义项下,一般用于熟人之间,语气亲切。在“逮捕”义项下,带有非正式色彩,可能隐含“顺手带走”的意味。常见误用包括:将代词放在 up 之后(如“picking up him”);混淆“pick up”与“pick up on”;在正式场合使用“pick up”表示“学习”可能显得不够严谨。注意区分“pick him up”和“pick up his”等。
词语搭配
| pick him up at the airport | 在机场接他 |
| pick him up from school | 从学校接他 |
| pick him up off the floor | 把他从地上扶起来 |
| pick him up on something | 就某事质问他;注意到他的某事 |
| pick him up for questioning | 逮捕他进行审问 |
| pick him up on a charge | 以某罪名逮捕他 |
| pick him up on a habit | 沾染他的习惯 |
例句
- I'll be picking him up from the airport at 3 p.m.我下午三点去机场接他。
- She was picking him up off the floor after he fell.他摔倒后,她把他从地上扶起来。
- He's been picking him up on some bad habits from his new friends.他从新朋友那里沾染了一些坏习惯。
- The police were picking him up for questioning about the robbery.警方逮捕他,就抢劫案进行审问。
- Picking him up from the station took longer than expected.去车站接他比预想的花了更长时间。
- She is picking him up from school every day this week.这周她每天去学校接他。