follow in one's footsteps
英 /ˈfɒləʊ ɪn wʌnz ˈfʊtstɛps/美 /ˈfɑloʊ ɪn wʌnz ˈfʊtstɛps/
v. 短语动词
效仿某人;继承某人事业;步某人后尘
核心含义
该短语的核心含义是“效仿某人的行为或生活方式”,尤其指追随某人的职业或人生道路。其本义是字面上的“踩在某人的脚印里”,引申为“沿着某人的足迹前行”,进而比喻“模仿某人”或“继承某人的事业”。常见的引申义包括:1)效仿某人的榜样,如“He followed in his father's footsteps and became a doctor.”(他效仿父亲,成为了一名医生。)2)继承某人的事业或职位,如“She followed in her mentor's footsteps to become a professor.”(她继承了导师的事业,成为教授。)3)在某些语境下,也可指重复某人的错误或负面行为,如“He followed in his brother's footsteps and dropped out of school.”(他步哥哥的后尘,辍学了。)
构词与来源
该短语源于中世纪英语,其中“follow”源自古英语“folgian”,意为“跟随”;“footsteps”源自古英语“fotstape”,意为“脚印”或“足迹”。整个短语最早出现在16世纪,字面意思为“跟随某人的脚印”,后逐渐引申为“效仿”或“继承”。记忆时,可想象一个人在雪地中踩着前人的脚印前行,从而联想到“追随某人”的含义。
适用语境
该短语在多种场合使用,语气中性偏褒义。在日常口语中,常用来谈论职业选择或人生道路,如“I want to follow in my mother's footsteps and become a nurse.”(我想效仿母亲,当一名护士。)在新闻报道中,常用于描述名人或公众人物的子女继承父母事业,如“The young actor follows in his famous father's footsteps.”(这位年轻演员效仿他著名的父亲。)在文学作品或正式演讲中,可用于强调传承或榜样作用,语气较庄重。在商务或学术语境中,较少使用,但可用来比喻创新或模仿成功模式,如“The company followed in the footsteps of its competitors.”(该公司效仿了竞争对手的做法。)
用法要点
该短语为不及物动词短语,后接宾语时需用介词“in”,即“follow in someone's footsteps”。其中“someone's”为所有格,可用形容词性物主代词(如“his”、“her”)或名词所有格(如“my father's”)。常见句型:1)主语 + follow in + 所有格 + footsteps,如“She followed in her teacher's footsteps.”2)可用于被动语态,但较少见,如“His footsteps were followed by many.”(许多人效仿他。)易错点:不要漏掉介词“in”,不要写成“follow someone's footsteps”(虽然口语中有时出现,但标准用法需带“in”)。另外,“footsteps”通常用复数,单数“footstep”不用于此短语。
同义词区别
与“follow in one's footsteps”意思相近的有“follow one's example”(效仿某人的榜样)、“follow suit”(照样做)、“tread in someone's footsteps”(步某人后尘)、“emulate”(模仿)等。区别在于:“follow one's example”更强调学习某人的具体行为,而“follow in one's footsteps”更强调继承职业或人生道路;“follow suit”常用于模仿某人的具体行动,如“He followed suit and resigned.”(他也辞职了。)“tread in someone's footsteps”与“follow in one's footsteps”几乎同义,但较正式;“emulate”为正式用语,强调努力达到同等水平。选择时,若强调职业或人生道路,用“follow in one's footsteps”;若强调具体行为,用“follow one's example”或“follow suit”。
使用注意
该短语语域中性,可用于口语和书面语,无贬义,但在特定语境下可能带有负面含义,如“步某人后尘”指重蹈覆辙。使用时需注意:1)“footsteps”不可用单数;2)不要与“follow one's steps”混淆,后者不常用且含义不同;3)在正式写作中,可考虑用“emulate”或“follow the example of”替代,以显得更正式;4)避免过度使用,以免显得老套。
词语搭配
| follow in one's father's footsteps | 效仿父亲 |
| follow in one's mother's footsteps | 效仿母亲 |
| follow in the footsteps of someone | 效仿某人 |
| follow in the footsteps of one's mentor | 效仿导师 |
| follow in the footsteps of a legend | 效仿传奇人物 |
| follow in the footsteps of one's predecessor | 效仿前任 |
| follow in the footsteps of one's idol | 效仿偶像 |
例句
- She followed in her mother's footsteps and became a lawyer.她效仿母亲,成为了一名律师。
- Many young athletes hope to follow in the footsteps of their Olympic heroes.许多年轻运动员希望效仿他们的奥运英雄。
- He followed in his father's footsteps and joined the family business.他继承了父亲的事业,加入了家族企业。
- The company followed in the footsteps of tech giants and invested heavily in AI.该公司效仿科技巨头,大力投资人工智能。
- Don't follow in his footsteps; he made many mistakes.别步他后尘;他犯了很多错误。