as a whole
英 /æz ə həʊl/美 /æz ə hoʊl/
短语(介词短语)
作为一个整体;总体上
核心含义
该短语的核心含义是“作为一个整体”,强调将事物视为一个完整的单元,而不是关注其各个部分。其本义源自空间或物理上的整体性,如“把某物作为一个整体来看待”。引申义用于抽象概念,指在讨论、评估或处理问题时,从全局出发,考虑整体而非个别细节。例如,“The project must be considered as a whole”意味着评估整个项目,而非仅仅某个部分。另一个常见引申义是“总体上”,用于总结或概括,如“As a whole, the plan was successful”,此时它相当于“in general”。
构词与来源
该短语由“as”(作为)和“whole”(完整的)构成。“whole”源自古英语“hāl”,意为“完整的、健康的”,与“hale”(健壮的)和“health”(健康)同源。构词逻辑直接明了:将某物视为一个完整的实体。记忆时,可将其与“whole”的“完整”含义关联,想象一个完整的水果(如苹果)与切片(部分)的对比,从而记住“as a whole”表示从完整角度考虑。
适用语境
该短语广泛用于正式和非正式场合。在学术写作中,常用于讨论研究结果或理论框架,如“The data should be analyzed as a whole”。在商务邮件中,用于总结整体情况,如“As a whole, our sales have increased this quarter”。日常口语中,也可使用,但语气较正式,如“As a whole, the party was fun”。新闻报道中,用于概括事件整体,如“The economy as a whole is improving”。法律文本中,强调整体解释,如“The contract must be read as a whole”。文学作品中使用时,常带有哲理性,如“Life as a whole is a journey”。各场景下,含义基本一致,但正式程度略有差异。
用法要点
该短语通常用作状语,置于句首或句尾,也可放在名词后作定语(如“the group as a whole”)。常见句型包括:置于句首,后接逗号,如“As a whole, the system works well”;置于句尾,如“We must view the situation as a whole”;置于名词后,如“The staff as a whole agreed”。易错点:不要与“on the whole”混淆,后者意为“总的来说”,但更侧重总结,且不能置于名词后。另外,“as a whole”通常不与“the”连用,除非特指,如“as a whole”本身已含整体概念。
同义词区别
与“as a whole”近义的短语有“as a whole”和“in general”、“on the whole”、“overall”等。“in general”强调普遍性,如“In general, people like music”,而“as a whole”强调整体性,如“The company as a whole is profitable”。“on the whole”侧重总结,常与评价性内容连用,如“On the whole, the trip was nice”,而“as a whole”更中性。“overall”是副词,也可表示“总体上”,如“Overall, the results are good”,但“as a whole”更正式。选择时,若强调整体与部分的关系,用“as a whole”;若强调一般情况,用“in general”;若强调总结观点,用“on the whole”或“overall”。
使用注意
该短语语域中性偏正式,在学术、商务等正式场合使用得体,日常口语中也可使用但稍显正式。无贬义色彩。常见误用包括:与“on the whole”混淆;将“as a whole”置于名词前(如“as a whole group”应为“the group as a whole”);在否定句中误用,如“not as a whole”可能被误解为“不是整体”,应使用“not...as a whole”结构。另外,不要与“whole”的其他短语如“as a whole”与“as a whole”重复使用。
词语搭配
| as a whole | 作为一个整体 |
| the group as a whole | 整个群体 |
| view as a whole | 从整体上看 |
| consider as a whole | 整体考虑 |
| society as a whole | 整个社会 |
| the project as a whole | 整个项目 |
| as a whole unit | 作为一个整体单元 |
| the system as a whole | 整个系统 |
例句
- As a whole, the proposal was accepted by the committee.总体上,该提案被委员会接受了。
- We must examine the problem as a whole, not just its individual parts.我们必须从整体上审视这个问题,而不仅仅是其各个部分。
- The company as a whole has seen a rise in profits.整个公司的利润有所上升。
- Viewed as a whole, the novel is a masterpiece.从整体来看,这部小说是一部杰作。
- The team's performance as a whole was disappointing, though a few players shone.整个团队的表现令人失望,尽管个别球员表现出色。
- As a whole, the economy is recovering, but some sectors lag behind.总体而言,经济正在复苏,但一些行业仍然滞后。